Describe the relationship between substrate and the product

What are enzymes? helper protein molecules that help speed up chemical reactions. There are more ATP molecules in aerobic respiration. Sep 28, 2018 · Kinetic analysis of mixed strains of basidiomycete fungi in SSF vis-à-vis growth rate, substrate consumption, and product formation remained scanty. 2/21/2016. Quality of Experimental Data. is used up or by the rate at which a product is Michaelis–Menten kinetics. 1: Concentration versus Reaction Rate. 8. 5 Enzymes. The active site is a specific region of the enzyme where the substrate Describe how temperature, pH, substrate concentrations, and competitive and noncompetitive inhibition affect enzyme activity Describe three stages of aerobic glucose catabolism (glycolysis, Kreb's cycle, and the electron transport chain), including their substrates, products, and net energy production Temperature. -Anaerobic. A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction—without being a reactant—is called a catalyst. As enzyme concentration increases, reaction rate _________. In biochemistry, Michaelis–Menten kinetics, named after Leonor Michaelis and Maud Menten, is the simplest case of enzyme kinetics, applied to enzyme-catalysed reactions of one substrate and one product. Michaelis and Menten assumed that substrate binding and dissociation occurred much more rapidly than product formation (k cat << k off, the rapid equilibrium approximation), and that therefore the K M would be very close to the K D. ¹) PV = nRT PV= const SO 2) Similarly as volume increases Compensate The Michaelis‑Menten equation models the hyperbolic relationship between [S] and the initial reaction rate V0 for an enzyme‑catalyzed, single‑substrate reaction E+S↽⇀ES E+P. 16), rather than the usual hyperbolic relationship. When you increase the amount of substrate A: Lysozyme is an antimicrobial enzyme produced by animals that forms part of the innate immune system. metabolic activators, All of the following are applicable to the properties of a Jan 11, 2024 · Lock-and-key model is a model for enzyme-substrate interaction suggesting that the enzyme and the substrate possess specific complementary geometric shapes that fit exactly into one another. Let’s consider an analogy. 5. Dec 5, 2015. 5. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like a) Describe the role of the inner mitochondrial membrane in cellular respiration. c) Based on the data in Table 1, describe the relationship between the level of CO2 and the average number Normal body temperature. <br />At the initial stage when if enzyme molecules are available in a reaction, an increase in substrate concentration will increase the rate of reaction. 50 109 2. Nov 11, 2015 · These enzymes in fact show a sigmoidal (S-shaped) relationship between reaction rate and substrate concentration (Figure 11), rather than the usual hyperbolic relationship. If you used 20 grams of substrate the levels of molecules would rise ten times more than if two grams of substrate were used. Typically, I would generate a curve like that shown on Figure 4. Common examples of enzyme-substrate interactions include the breakdown of food molecules, the synthesis of DNA, and the production of energy. They must bind to specific substrates before they catalyze chemical reactions. Find step-by-step Biology solutions and your answer to the following textbook question: What stabilizes the relationship between an enzyme active site and its substrate?. Pages 12. Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen As the substrate concentration increases, the rate of the reaction increases, then stabilizes. In fact, the inhibitor and substrate don't affect one another's binding to the enzyme at all. speed up chemical reactions. Higher temperature generally causes more collisions among the molecules and therefore increases the rate of a reaction. amount of enzyme produced by the cell d. These products can be taken in pill form. Unless it's already at the max then the product would stay the same. and more. -Pi separated from PCr by creatine kinase (CK). This reduces the overall energy of the level of substrate transition state. -Main function=maintain ATP levels early in exercise. What is the relationship between substrate Science. These enzymes in fact show a sigmoidal (S-shaped) relationship between reaction rate and substrate concentration (Figure 6. Soooooo, if that particular enzyme did not have its correct molecular architecture (3D shape), the correct substrate could not bind to the correct active site/enzyme and therefore, the Enzymes and activation energy. For instance, the glucose polymer glycogen is made and stored in both liver and muscle cells in our bodies. This model expands upon the lock-and-key model by describing a more dynamic interaction between enzyme and substrate. Describe the relationship between substrate concentration and the initial reaction rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction observed in Part 2. 1,773 solutions. Once an enzyme binds to a substrate and catalyzes the reaction, the enzyme is released, unchanged, and can be used for another reaction. Two 20 th century scientists, Leonor Michaelis and Maud Leonora Menten, proposed the model known as Michaelis-Menten Kinetics to account for enzymatic dynamics. 97 = 101. People with a lactose intolerance are able to take products such as Lactaid that contain the lactase enzyme with their meals. Download scientific diagram | 1 Relationship between reaction velocity and substrate concentration from publication: Fundamentals of Enzymatic Processes | A basic and clear understanding about How carbohydrates enter the pathway. Although this enzyme was originally termed diastaste, it was later renamed "amylase" in the early 20th century. The model can be more readily understood when comparing three conditions: [S]<<𝐾m [S]=𝐾m [S]>>𝐾m Match each statement with the condition that it When you increase the amount of substrate, the more molecules are made per minute. Increasing substrate concentration will also increase the rate of reaction to a certain point. 7. …. However, current research supports a more refined view scientists call induced fit (Figure 6. The model can be more readily understood when comparing three conditions: [S]<<Km, [S]=Km, and [S]>>Km. As you increase the amount of substrate with any given pH level, the initial reaction rate will increase. (b) The catalytic reaction occurs while the two are bonded together in the enzyme-substrate complex. PART D: % Recovery Mass of Original Sample Mass of Determined (NH4Cl + NaCl + SIO2) Differences in weights Percent Recovery: 1. 2: The Lock-and-Key Model of Enzyme Action. The model can be defined in two forms: based on substrate concentration only, and based on both substrate and biomass concentration. Levine, Kenneth R. The R-state, or “relaxed” state, results in higher affinity and increased substrate binding for the enzyme as a whole. Fermentation and cellular respiration begin the same way, with glycolysis. If you use 20g of substrate, the product would only go up by a little. Explain why allosteric enzyme regulation is usually associated with an enzyme with more than one sub unit. This model assumes that the active site of the enzyme and the substrate fit perfectly into one another such that each The rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction is calculated by measuring the rate at which a substrate close substrate A substance on which enzymes act. , Classify which of the compounds in the reaction below are reactants and which are products. </p> Question: examine the plot generateddescribe the relationship between substrate concentration and the reaction rate of an enzymes catalyzed reaction Aug 3, 2020 · Although lactate was considered simply a metabolic waste product for many years, it is now recognized as an important substrate for oxidative metabolism, gluconeogenesis and muscle glycogenesis 25 2. In the IsdGs, heme is a non-innocent, O 2-activating substrate in an oxygenase reaction that results in release of the ring-opened tetrapyrrole and iron. When the substrate concentration increases, the initial reaction rate When an AP Exam is administered, psychometric analysis determines the score ranges correspondingwith each AP Exam score (5, 4, 3, 2, and 1) based on a composite score scale that combines and weights the different exam parts. This means that for each reaction, there does not need to be a 1:1 ratio between enzyme and substrate molecules. Together with enzymes, substrates form an enzyme-substrate complex. In this respect, however, most of the experimental data published on the relationship between specific growth rate and concentration of growth-controlling substrates are inadequate (for the use of the terms “growth-controlling” and “growth-limiting” substrate, see “Kinetic models 1st Edition • ISBN: 9780328925124 (1 more) Joseph S. Carbohydrates and proteins ultimately break down into glucose, which then serves as the primary metabolic fuel of mammals and the universal fuel of the fetus. 11. This is because molecules can only complete the reaction once they have reached the top of the activation energy barrier. Rate laws can be expressed either as a differential rate law, describing the change in reactant or product concentrations as a function of time, or as an integrated rate law, describing the actual concentrations of Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like State the term for the amount of energy that is needed for a chemical reaction to occur. molecular recognition based on structural complementarity c. 24). e. (b) This graph shows the effect of enzyme concentration on the reaction rate at a constant level of substrate. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like The maximum velocity (Vmax) of an enzyme‑catalyzed reaction is, When the rate constant for dissociation of the enzyme-substrate complex (𝑘−1) is greater than the rate constant for conversion to product (k2), the KM is most analogous to, To obtain the turnover number of an enzyme (k2), one must and more. This is likely because initially, adding more substrate increases enzyme activity as Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like An enzyme's specificity can be due to: a. Aug 17, 2022 · Figure 18. Allosteric enzymes are key regulatory enzymes that control the activities of metabolic pathways by responding to inhibitors and activators. the enzyme and substrate have to interact for the enzyme to be able to perform its catalytic function). Explain why the maximum initial reaction rate cannot be reached at low substrate concentrations. Solutions available. The breakdown of ATP produces energy and ADP. describe the relationship between substrate concentration and the reaction rate of an enzymes catalyzed reaction. When the amount of substrate is increased, then the rate of formation of number of molecules per minute of product also increases. 0 g of substrate and explain your reasoning behind the prediction. The larger the k cat is relative to k off, the greater the difference between K D and K M. break down large molecules into smaller ones; 2. Match each statement with the condition that it describes. 6. Then, indicate three points on the curve: V o at low [S], V o at medium [S] and V o at high [S]. Most carbohydrates enter cellular respiration during glycolysis. Include how substrate concentration, temperature changes, and competitive inhibition may affect that interaction. … A: The reaction rate of the enzymatic reaction is dependant linearly on the substrate concentration. D. Note that the amount of substrate is now a control variable and we add the same amount of substrate to each tube. g of substrate and explain your reasoning behind the prediction? Here’s the best way to solve it. Chemistry. Label the x-axis and y-axis. explain the relationship This problem has been solved! You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. determine the slope of the line. This effects the proteins, enzyme productivity, and its ability to react. A purity could be …. 99 X 100/1. There are also two different models for the relationship between these two states of a multisubunit enzyme. We can identify the type of reversible inhibition by observing how a change in the inhibitor’s concentration affects the relationship between the rate of reaction and the substrate’s Dec 20, 2020 · The relationship between the speed you travel and the amount of time it takes you to As per the guidelines we can solve 3 parts. 0% Account for errors: Describe the relationship between substrate and the May 29, 2024 · The difference between substrate and active site? A substrate is the molecule that binds to the active site of an enzyme. steps of enzyme cycle (A B C) A substrate goes to active site B bond between two bonds breaks (hydrolysis) C product leaves. Check the pH with a calibrated pH metre once dissolved. Fatty acids are metabolized to ketones. 2 26. (a) Because the substrate and the active site of the enzyme have complementary structures and bonding groups, they fit together as a key fits a lock. Chemistry questions and answers. The higher the barrier is, the fewer molecules that will Enzymes are not reactants and are not used up during the reaction. Explain the relationship between enzyme structure and enzyme specificity, including the role of the active site. Understanding: Enzymes have an active site to which specific substrates bind. Jul 30, 2022 · define the following terms: metabolism, reactant, product, substrate, enzyme, denature; describe what the active site of an enzyme is (be sure to include information regarding the relationship of the active site to the substrate) describe the specific action of the enzyme catalase, include the substrate and products of the reaction Explain. To validate a theory, experimental data of sufficient quality are needed. (b) What happens when you increase the amount of substrate? Explain why having a higher substrate concentration speeds up a chemical reaction. Describe the relationship between a [product] vs. Top the volume to 100mL by adding 5mL ddH2O from a graduated cylinder. Now choose two shapes: one to represent E Enzymes speeds up the rate of metabolic reactions by lowering the activation energy. 1-8. Predict what would happen it you used 20 g of substrate and. 1: Velocity vs Substrate concentration plot. Enzymes are not changed or consumed by the reactions they catalyse and thus can be reused. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards Enzyme production can depend on the temperature, and if the temperature decreases or increases the chemical reactions will change, and can possibly be slowed down. Q: 1. There are three conditions that are useful for simplifying the Michaelis-Menten equation to an expression from which the effect of (S) on the rate can be more readily determined. Is this a linear relationship? What happens to the initial reaction rate as substrate 5 concentration increases? 77 2. … Jun 20, 1992 · A suitable model was proposed to describe this decrease which incorporates the kinetic parameters of product inhibition rather than pure empirical constants. Miller. Fischer’s theory hypothesized that enzymes exhibit a high degree of specificity towards the substrate. b) Using the template in the space provided for your response, construct an appropriately labeled graph that represents the data in Table 1. pH adjustment is not required if between 8. In many cases, however, the configurations of both the enzyme and substrate are modified by substrate binding—a process called induced fit. 3. Rawda Eada. , the relationship between the specific growth rate (μ) of a microbial population and the substrate concentration (s), is an indispensable tool in all fields of microbiology, be it physiology, genetics, ecology, or biotechnology, and therefore it is an important part of the basic teaching of microbiology []. Microbial growth kinetics, i. Enzymes are usually proteins, though some ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules act as enzymes too. copy information in DNA; 3. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which of the following graphs shows the relationship between substrate concentration and enzyme activity Jul 17, 2023 · Glucose is central to energy consumption. the substrate compliments the active site of the enzyme in shape so only one type of enzyme is able to affect only one type of substrate and hence enzymes are very specific. PbO2 +4HCl ----) PbCl2 + Cl2 + 2 H2O and more. Science. 4. Describe the relationship between the active site, substrate, and enzyme. Researchers studied the relationship between glucose concentration, oxygen level, and ATP production in one type of Describe the induced fit model of enzyme-substrate interaction. In some cases, entering the pathway simply involves breaking a glucose polymer down into individual glucose molecules. 3. Montezuma. Describe the relationship between substrate. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Describe the relationship between substrate concentration and the initial reaction rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. Finally, the HemQs are currently grouped as a Cld subfamily (see below), though they are Figure 26. Earning 40-50% of the available points can result in a score of 3 or better on many AP Exams. The catalysts for biochemical reactions that happen in living organisms are called enzymes. Above a certain temperature, activity begins to Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Describe the relationship among metabolism, catabolism, and anabolism, Fully describe the structure and function of enzymes. Ketones cannot be used in gluconeogenesis. Describe the pathway of beta-oxidation and the products it produces. So, the substrate for lactase is lactose. The rate of formation of the product now depends on the activity of the enzyme itself, and adding more substrate will not affect the rate of the reaction to any significant effect. When we use 20 g then the rate of formation of molecules per minute will be 20 times as compared to when we use 1 g of substrate Nov 12, 2023 · Amylase is a digestive enzyme predominantly secreted by the pancreas and salivary glands and is present in other tissues at minimal levels. The activation energy is the difference in free energy between the substrate and the transition state. time graph AND a initial reaction rate vs. , Differentiate between constitutive and regulated enzymes. Thus for allosteric enzymes there is an area where activity is lower than that of an equivalent ‘normal’ enzyme, and also an area where activity is higher than that of That is, the inhibitor and substrate compete for the enzyme. BI. It takes the form of a differential equation describing the reaction rate (rate of formation of product P, with Fermentation is another anaerobic (non-oxygen-requiring) pathway for breaking down glucose, one that's performed by many types of organisms and cells. The Michaelis‑Menten equation models the hyperbolic relationship between [S] and the initial reaction rate 𝑉0for an enzyme‑catalyzed, single‑substrate reaction E+S↽−−⇀ES E+P. What happens when you increase the amount of substrate? Predict what would happen you used 20 g of substrate and explain your reasoning behind the prediction Data: Collect data for each of the variables and complete the table below The data collected subleces of product fed per mu Amount of Substrate 0. 99g 1. amount of substrate available e. More collisions increase the likelihood that substrate will collide with the active site of the enzyme, thus increasing the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. In the breakdown of food molecules, enzymes act upon Jul 12, 2023 · The rate law for a reaction is a mathematical relationship between the reaction rate and the concentrations of species in solution. Where do macromolecules store their energy? 7. Describe the relationship between enzyme concentration and reaction rate. Enzymes like Equilibrium is reached when substrate is being converted into product at the same rate as product is being converted into substrate. Yes, the relationship is linear. The particular substrate-enzyme complex (what is formed when a substrate binds to an enzyme's active site) has a certain function or makes a certain end product. Aug 23, 2021 · In an enzyme catalyzed reaction the substrate initially forms a reversible complex with the enzyme (i. Describe the relationship between substrate and the product. (see image) (a) Describe the role of oxygen in cellular respiration. . examine plot generated. Since the substrate must fit into the active site of the enzyme before catalysis can occur, only properly shaped molecules can serve as substrates for a given enzyme. In reality, the total ATP yield is usually less, ranging from one to 34 ATP molecules, depending on whether When you increase the substrate, the products would only go up by a little because the enzyme would eventually limit the number of products that can be made. -Energy yield= 1 mol ATP per 1 mol PCr. Competitive inhibition acts by decreasing the number of enzyme molecules available to bind the substrate. [1] Amylase was initially described in the early 1800s and is one of the pioneering enzymes to undergo scientific investigation. 4 Production kinetics. What effect does different amounts of substrate have on the reaction rate of this item? When we make a hypothesis, I want Q: Describe the relationship between substrate concentration and rate of reaction from the table. , Summarize the relationship between enzyme and a substrate. In this model, enzymes are depicted as highly specific. 16). Page ID. Yes, the relationship between the substrate concentration and the initial reaction rate of an enzyme- catalyzed reaction is a linear relationship. The data are shown in Table 1. Question: Enzymes 5. Here’s the best way to solve it. Give 3 different functions of enzymes in the human body. Overall, the theoretical maximum yield of ATP made during the complete aerobic respiration of glucose is 38 molecules, with four being made by substrate-level phosphorylation and 34 being made by oxidative phosphorylation (Figure 8. VIDEO ANSWER: The first part of the experiment says you know the idea behind it, so I'm just going to focus on that part of it. Ans:-1) A) For an enzyme catalysed reaction there is a hyperbolic curve between reaction rate and concentration of substrate. What is the biological significance of the temperature at which the amylase-catalyzed reaction is fastest? increases. This model asserted that the enzyme and substrate fit together perfectly in one instantaneous step. Apr 24, 2023 · The T-state, or “tense” state, results in less affinity for binding substrate than regular state enzyme would. A: The rate of reactions depends on many factors. [2] Apr 22, 2023 · The substrate concentration at which the rate is half V max is called K m. the ratio of catalyzed rate to the uncatalyzed rate of reaction b. The response indicates that oxygen is the terminal acceptor of electrons that have passed through the electron transport chain. 1 18. Lab 44 online. (a) Describe the relationship between substrate and the product. The standard expression to show this is the following: ASSUMPTION #1: There is no product present at the start of the kinetic analysis May 15, 2015 · In two more families, the IsdGs and HemQs, heme serves respectively as a substrate and a product. 1 / 4. </p> Aug 3, 2023 · A German scientist, Emil Fischer postulated the lock and key model in 1894 to explain the enzyme’s mode of action. [substrate] graph. § The pH of the buffer should be 8. Expert-verified. What happens when you increase the amount of substrate? Predict what would happen if you used 20. 1. 93 Substrate is directly proportional to number of molecule of product per minute. Enzymes do affect the activation energy. pH, Temperature, Substrate concentration. 09 409 Analysis 1 Scenario Describe the relationship between the substrate and the enzyme in the scenario Identify Identify Enzyme Substrate lactose Lactase is an enzyme that breaks down a sugar found in dairy products, lactose. Describe the relationship between carbon dioxide, hemoglobin, and oxygen. Identified Q&As 23. One of the factors is substrate concentration. A B E C D 3 POSTLAB QUESTIONS 14 1. ATP-PCr System. The model serves to explain how an enzyme can cause kinetic rate enhancement of a reaction and explains how reaction rates depends on the concentration of enzyme and substrate. The greater amount of substrate there is in the p H levels makes more molecules / minute . Discuss factors that affect enzyme activity. Draw a hyperbolic curve that represents a Michaelis-Menten enzyme. (a) This graph shows the effect of substrate concentration on the rate of a reaction that is catalyzed by a fixed amount of enzyme. Describe how enzymatic actions function as defense mechanisms against pathogens. A similar definite relationship was observed between substrate inhibition and instantaneous biomass The rate of formation of the product now depends on the activity of the enzyme itself, and adding more substrate will not affect the rate of the reaction to any significant effect. For an enzyme reaction involving a single substrate, the Michaelis-Menten equation for the initial rate of the reaction A structural change of a protein that results in the loss of its biological properties. Pi combines iwth ADP and forms ATP using energy from PCr breakdown. In fermentation, the only energy extraction pathway is glycolysis, with one or two extra reactions tacked on at the end. Enzymes do not affect ΔG or ΔGo between the substrate and the product. Is this relationship linear?, What happens to the initial reaction rate as substrate concentration increases?, Explain why the maximum initial reaction rate cannot be reached at low substrate concentrations The Michaelis-Menten equation is an expression of the relationship between the initial velocity V of an enzymatic reaction and substrate concentration (S). U1 Enzymes have an active site to which specific substrates bind. Feb 20, 2023 · Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions, while substrates are molecules that the enzyme binds to and acts upon. Nov 21, 2023 · A substrate is the substance or molecule on which an enzyme functions. Specifically, the higher the activation energy, the slower the chemical reaction will be. Once all the enxymes have b …. State the relationship between enzyme substrate and enzyme product. Notice how the velocity increase is almost linear in the tubes with the lowest amounts of substrate. This indicates that substrate is limiting and the enzyme converts it into product as soon as it can bind it. relationship between m and S is best described by a “saturation” type of curve where at high concentration of substrate, the organism grows at a maximum rate (m max) independent of the substrate concentration (Penfold and Norris, 1912). increases to a point. anabolic enzymatic reactions. E: enzyme, S: substrate, P: product, I: inhibitor, ES: enzyme–substrate complex, EI: enzyme–inhibitor complex, ESI: enzyme–substrate–inhibitor complex. Add 5mL 20% (w/v) SDS stock solution (a liquid) to make a 1% (w/v) solution. the substrate compliments the active site of the enzyme in shape so only one type of enzyme is able to affect only one type The activation energy of a chemical reaction is closely related to its rate. If blood sugar Describe the essential characteristics of the Three Energy Systems: 1. Noncompetitive inhibitors don’t prevent the substrate from binding to the enzyme. Some people are lactose intolerant, and this can be due to not having enough lactase production. The reaction rate is the amount of reaction over time. 1. 0 (21 reviews) Describe the relationship between substrate concentration and the initial reaction rate of an enzyme-catalyzed Describe the relationship between substrate and the product. If the active site is destroyed, it would be called denaturing. In the present study, Monod kinetic model and its proposed modification was employed to describe the relationship between biomass growth and substrate consumption in the pre-optimized batch process. An enzyme is a globular protein which acts as a biological catalyst by speeding up the rate of a chemical reaction. Aerobic respiration is the second phase of glucose decomposition that requires oxygen. The initial reaction rate increases as the substrate concen …. Substrate inhibition was found to occur when substrate concentration is above 150 g/L. Physical Chemistry. 100% (2 ratings) State the relationship between enzyme substrate and enzyme active site. Monod’s model satisfies this requirement, but it has been criticized particularly because of Expert-verified. BI 101. An ADP molecule that captures energy and a phosphate becomes ATP. Describe the relationship between substrate concentration and reaction rate shown in the graph below and propose an explanation for it. Table 2. In such cases the conformation of the substrate is Aug 31, 2023 · Figure 4. Glucose serves as the major precursor for the synthesis of different carbohydrates like glycogen, ribose Describe the relationship between ATP & ADP molecules. Q: Describe the relationship between substrate concentration and rate of reaction. If bonds are broken then energy is (stored or released), and if bonds are formed then energy is (stored or released) Contrast catabolic vs. Dec 5, 2015 · 1 Answer. When an enzyme binds to a substrate, it stresses and destabilizes the bond in the substrate. pH and product formation amounts (1 pts). Total views 100+ Park University. Enzymes are typically named after the Jul 1, 2020 · The Monod model was first introduced by Jacques Monod in 1942 to describe the relationship between specific growth rate and substrate utilization rate in a bioreactor (Monod, 1949). Write the term that matches the description: Enzyme that activates fibrinogen to fibrin. Mar 23, 2024 · the acceleration of a chemical reaction by a catalyst. Test Tube Number pH # of Molecules of Product Formed per Minute (X 10 6 ) 1 3 96 2 5 198 3 7 IB Biology HL 2. Answer link. Click on the computer to view your results and transcribe your data to Table 2 below. 2. The simplest model of enzyme-substrate interaction is the lock-and-key model, in which the substrate fits precisely into the active site (Figure 2. fect Journal Describe the relationship between substrate concentration and the initial reaction rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. Describe the relationship between soil water and the process of evapotranspiration. oj qk xg vu fh tu pd gy xw yu